Justice is a value that surpasses any cultures, beliefs, and borders. Yet, when it comes to Islam, there are numerous misconceptions. Some assume that Islamic justice applies to Muslims only and believe it to be unfair to those of other faiths. In reality, Islam champions justice as a sacred duty owed to all, regardless of any factor like religion, race, or background. Moreover, it is a fundamental teaching that resonates throughout the Quran and the life of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), offering a timeless model of fairness, equality, and compassion.
Justice in Islam: A Sacred Principle
In Islam, justice is not just a moral virtue but a command from God. The Quran repeatedly calls upon believers to uphold the actual values of justice in all matters. One of the most potent reminders comes in the verse:
“O you who believe! Stand firmly for justice, even if it is against yourselves, your parents, or your relatives.” (Quran 4:135)
This teaching clearly states that loyalty to truth and fairness must outweigh personal ties, emotions, or even self-interest. Justice is an act of worship, a reflection of faith, and a cornerstone of Islamic ethics.
Moreover, justice is one of God’s divine attributes. In Islam, God is known as Al-Adl—”The Most Just.” Muslims are expected to personify this divine quality in their personal and collective lives.
Justice Beyond Borders: Not Limited to Muslims
Contrary to the misconception that Islamic justice favors Muslims alone, the Quran and the Prophet’s teachings emphasize fairness for all humanity regardless of their faith, etc. Islam commands that non-Muslims be treated with dignity, respect, and fairness, especially those who live peacefully among Muslims.
In one powerful verse, the Quran states as follows:
“God does not forbid you from showing kindness and dealing justly with those who have not fought you because of your religion or expelled you from your homes. Indeed, God loves those who act justly.“ (Quran 60:8)
Justice, therefore, is not conditional upon someone’s faith. It is a universal right that Islam not only encourages but commands its followers to uphold.
Prophetic Examples of Justice for All
The life of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) offers living proof of Islam’s commitment to justice beyond any religious lines.
One notable example is the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah, a peace agreement between the Muslims and their former adversaries in Mecca. Even when some terms seemed unfavorable to the Muslims, Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) honored them faithfully, demonstrating that justice and integrity must not be compromised, even in the face of disadvantage.
Another remarkable instance is when a Muslim woman from a noble family committed theft. Some people suggested sparing her due to her status. The Prophet rejected this idea firmly, saying that social position is nothing in front of true justice. His words resounded clearly:
“By Allah, if Fatimah, the daughter of Muhammad, were to steal, I would have her hand cut off.”
Such examples show that the Prophet upheld justice without bias — whether dealing with Muslims or non-Muslims, rich or poor, even friends or foes.
Practical Teachings on Justice
Islamic beliefs bring justice into daily life. Muslims are supposed to be trustworthy in their contacts, honest in their testimony, and fair in their trade. Justice begins from small daily interactions like honoring promises, speaking the truth, and defending the rights of others and not merely from big court decisions.
Even during conflicts, Islam prohibits transgression. The Quran advises in this regard as follows:
“And do not let the hatred of a people prevent you from being just. Be just; that is nearer to righteousness.” (Quran 5:8)
Justice, therefore, is not an emotional reaction but a steady commitment to truth and fairness, even toward those who may harbor hostility.
Exploding the Misconception: Islam and Favoritism
The notion that Islam promotes favoritism toward Muslims alone is a misunderstanding encouraged by selective misinterpretations. Islam’s justice model is deeply inspired by inclusion and rooted in universal ethics. It recognizes the shared humanity of all people and demands fairness across lines of faith, ethnicity, and nationality.
The early Islamic society in Medina under Prophet Muhammad’s leadership included Muslims, Jews, and pagan tribes, all protected under a common constitution that guaranteed mutual rights and responsibilities.
Islam does not advocate for “us versus them.” It advocates for “truth over bias” and “justice over prejudice.”
Justice as a Foundation for Peaceful Coexistence
In Islam, justice is not a single virtue; rather, it is the cornerstone of societal harmony and harmonious living. Injustice breeds resentment, division, and conflict, while justice nurtures trust, cooperation, and enduring peace.
Islam envisions societies where every individual’s rights are respected. Moreover, it’s a society where faith, dignity, property, and honour are safeguarded, not based on one’s religious affiliation but on their humanity.
In a world increasingly torn by division and misunderstanding, Islam’s timeless call for justice for all remains a vital message.
Conclusion
Justice in Islam is not a selective privilege reserved for Muslims. It is a sacred duty that embraces all of humanity. The Quran, the teachings of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), and the practices of early Islamic societies make it clear: true Islamic justice knows no borders of faith or ethnicity.
Justice in Islam is a moral compass, a spiritual calling, and a road to a fair, caring, and peaceful world rather than only a legal one. Fundamentally, Islam holds that, Muslim or non-Muslim alike, justice, truth, and dignity are the rights of every soul.
