While observing the beauty of the earth — swaying trees in the wind, lifelike flow of rivers and singing birds, we are reminded of the inherent connection between humanity and nature. Unfortunately, there is a misconception that Islam overlooks the significance of animal welfare as well as the environment. In reality, Islam largely emphasises showing compassion for animals as well as respecting and nurturing the environment as much as possible. In fact, Islam views every creature and natural aspect as a sacred trust that deserves ultimate care, respect and kindness.
Islam’s View of Nature: A Trust from God
The natural world is not just a backdrop for human life in Islam but a breathing testament to the Creator’s artistry. In this regard, the Quran constantly reminds the believers to reflect on nature, whether it be the mountains, rivers, animals or even the cycle of life, as these are the signs of Allah’s greatness.
Humans are designated as Khalifah (caretakers or stewards) on Earth, who are entrusted with a significant responsibility to preserve and protect creation. However, this stewardship should not be considered ownership, as we are guardians, not masters. Even the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) taught that every part of the earth is sacred and its resources should not be wasted or misused at any cost.
The Quran states the following:
“And do not commit abuse on the earth, spreading corruption.“ (Quran 2:60)
Thus, protecting the environment and respecting nature is not just good practice but an act of obedience to God.
Kindness to Animals: A Command, Not a Choice
Animals should not be conceived as mere commodities; they are communities like us, with rights and emotions. Therefore, Islam places great emphasis on kindness to animals.
The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) set real examples of compassion toward animals. Once, he told his companions about a man who was forgiven by the Creator just because he gave water to a thirsty dog in the desert. On the other hand, he also warned of a woman who had to face punishment after she neglected a cat, neither feeding it nor letting it fend for itself.
Such teachings make it clear that mercy toward animals reflects faith.
The Prophet (peace be upon him) said:
“Whoever is kind to the creatures of God, he is kind to himself.” (Bukhari)
Islam does not allow causing unnecessary pain to animals at any cost. Humans are commanded to treat them with respect and gentleness whether they are riding them, using them for work or raising them for food.
Rights of Animals in Islam
Islamic teachings grant animals several rights. Some of them are listed as follows:
- Provision of Food and Water: Animals must be given enough to eat and drink so that they can have a healthy life.
- Freedom from Harm: Hurting or overburdening animals without necessity is forbidden at any cost.
- Humane Treatment: Even during necessary slaughter for food, Islam commands that it be done swiftly and mercifully in order to minimise suffering.
Even the Prophet (peace be upon him) strongly forbade the practice of sharpening a knife or causing fear in front of an animal. In its true sense, every life matters, regardless of its size.
Therefore, in Islam, animals are not tools; they are creations with their own dignity and purpose.
Islam’s Teachings on Protecting the Environment
Beyond animal rights, Islam also extends compassion to the environment.
The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) declared planting a tree as an ongoing charity (Sadaqah Jariyah). In this regard, he said:
“If a Muslim plants a tree or sows seeds, and then a bird, or a person, or an animal eats from it, it is regarded as a charitable gift for him.” (Bukhari and Muslim)
Wastefulness is strongly discouraged in Islam, and even in acts of worship, it is discouraged. The Prophet (peace be upon him) warned against wasting water during ablution, even if one is beside a flowing river.
The Quran reminds believers as follows:
“Indeed, the wasteful are brothers of the devils.” (Quran 17:27)
Therefore, protecting forests, rivers, wildlife, and natural balance is not just environmental activism but also a part of fulfilling our duty as true Muslims.
Exploding the Misconception: Islam and Environmental Neglect
The true teachings of Islam aptly clear any misconceptions regarding Islam and the rights of animals as well as the environment. In fact, Islam proved to be the earliest faith that stood for comprehensive rights for animals and provided ethical guidelines for environmental stewardship.
The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) created protected areas known as “Hima” where hunting, tree-cutting, and water pollution were strongly restricted. This early form of conservation shows that Islam’s environmental ethic was practical and even forward-thinking.
Islam’s compassion extends to all living beings, urging believers to act as protectors and not destroyers at any cost.
Practical Lessons for Today
Islamic teachings offer timeless wisdom in today’s world, where environmental crises and animal suffering are increasingly visible.
As Muslims and citizens of the Earth, we are called to:
- Treat animals gently, whether pets, farm animals, or wildlife.
- Support animal welfare initiatives.
- Plant trees and protect green spaces.
- Reduce waste and live sustainably.
- Avoid pollution and protect water sources.
Living with compassion toward all creatures reflects true faith and is a path toward a healthier, more beautiful world.
Conclusion
Islam teaches that mercy is not limited to humans. It extends to animals that walk the earth, birds that soar in the skies, and rivers that breathe life into barren lands. Every act of kindness toward a creature, every effort to preserve the earth, is an act beloved by God.
In Islam, compassion for animals and care for nature are not optional acts of virtue; they are vital responsibilities entrusted to us. By honoring this trust, we live more faithfully, gently, and connected to the sacred beauty of life surrounding us.
